Online banking has revolutionized banking transactions whereby money could be transferred at a single click. It has been a time saver and has been an extremely convenient method to undertake commercial transactions. However, it has led to litigations against banks as well, as with online banking also come phishing emails. Phishing emails in these cases are those which purport to have been sent by the bank with the look and feel of a legitimate email. They ask the user to enter their username and password to reconfirm their accounts, with invariabe threats that if the confirmation is not made, the account would be frozen immediately. In many cases these emails are spoofed also whereby a third party sends an email using the email id of the bank, but that can be easily identified by reading the complete header of the email. Many users panic on receiving such emails and immediately give out their personal sensitive data like banking passwords to third parties purporting to be representing the bank. They realize that they have been duped only when money is withdrawn by such third parties from their bank accounts. There has been a slew of litigation against banks whereby the victims of phishing scams file complaints against the banks under the Information Technology Act, 2000. The grounds on which such complaints are filed attracts Section 43, Section 43A and Section 72A of the Information Technology Act. Section 43 deals with unauthorised access, and the complainant in most of the cases alleges violation of Section 43A which is for accessing or securing access to a computer, computer system or computer network without permission of the owner or the person in charge. However, banks have a very strong legal defence to this cause because the unauthorised access is done by a third party and not by the bank. The banks on receipt of any information from an online banking services user that his account has been wrongfully debited, must ask him if he responded to any email asking for his password, and also asks him to submit documentary proof of that email to the bank. If the user admits that he has replied to such phishing email, the bank requires him to submit a letter to the bank to that effect in order to enable the bank to freeze his account, whereby further unauthorised money transfer from his account could be stopped. The bank should intimate the user by an official letter to file a complaint with the cyber crime cell, and the bank should also file an FIR against the beneficiary account holders in whose accounts the money has been unauthorisedly credited. This is important to prove the proactive efforts of the bank in a litigation by a victim against the bank under the Information Technology Act. Section 72A of the Information Technology Act for punishment for disclosure of information in breach of lawful contract reads as under: Save as otherwise provided in this Act or any other law for the time being in force, any person including an intermediary who, while providing services under the terms of lawful contract, has secured access to any material containing personal information about another person, with the intent to cause or knowing that he is likely to cause wrongful loss or wrongful gain discloses, without the consent of the person concerned, or in breach of a lawful contract, such material to any other person shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, or with a fine which may extend to five lakh rupees, or with both.” The main contention of the complainant would be that the bank has access to his password and misused it. However, as per RBI norms all banks have 128 bit encryption of passwords and the bank does not have any access to the same. The complainants in most cases attempt to bring the bank within the definition of an ‘Intermediary’ under the Information Technology Act; however, the exceptions to intermediary liability under Section 79 of the Information Technology Act, 2000, apply to a bank in this case because of the following reasons: The function of the bank is limited to providing access to a communication system over which information made available by third parties is transmitted or temporarily stored. The bank does not- i) initiate the transmission, ii) select the receiver of the transmission, and iii)  select or modify the information contained in the transmission The bank observes due diligence while discharging his duties under this Act and also observes such other guidelines as the Central Government may prescribe in this behalf. The banks are required to maintain ISO 27001 standards because they handle confidential and sensitive personal data of users of their services. In brief, the banks need to undertake the following steps in order to be able to succeed in any litigation against them: They should provide a handbook to the online banking services users at the time they apply for such services. The handbook should mention directions for safe use of online banking and should also contain complete information about phishing emails and scams, including information on how users can protect themselves from such phishing attacks. The online banking services application should have an Indemnity clause, whereby the user indemnifies the bank. The terms and conditions of online banking should contain Indemnity clauses with respect to password of the user, online transactions and use of bank’s services. There should be a security tips page which warns users of phishing emails each time they log in for online banking. Customers/ users should be proactively informed about all the Cyber threats. There should be Cyber security and Cyber law compliance panel. This panel should comprise of cyber security experts who should ensure that proper cyber security measures are always in place and the cyber lawyer in the panel should ensure that the online banking user agreement clauses are up-to-date to restrict the bank’s liability in an environment where new cyber crimes get…

Demand for professional video surveillance cameras has been growing quickly and is forecast to continue growing in 2018. It is estimated that less than 10 million surveillance cameras were shipped globally in 2006, which grew to over 100 million in 2016, and is forecast to make over 130 million during 2018. Despite this increase in demand, the average price of cameras and other video surveillance equipment will continue to fall quickly. As a result, IHS Markit forecasts that in terms of US dollar revenues the world market for video surveillance equipment will grow at an annual rate of less than 6% in 2018. It will be challenging for vendors to continue to grow revenues and margins, but there will be opportunities for well-placed vendors. For example, both the South East Asian and Indian markets are forecast to grow at higher than average rates. There is also great potential for the next generation of products powered by technologies like deep learning and cloud computing. So, what will be the big stories during 2018? Deep learning, GDPR compliance and drone detection technologies are just some of the trends discussed in this eighth annual trends IHS white paper. The following articles are designed to provide some guidance on the top trends for 2018 in the video surveillance industry. IHS Analyses  The A to I of Video Surveillance Terminology    By  – Jon Cropley Big Differences between the Chinese Market and the Rest of the World  By –  Jon Cropley General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)   By – Josh Woodhouse Video Surveillance Fault Tolerance   By – Josh Woodhouse Forensic Video Analytics as a Service   By – Josh Woodhouse The Evolution of Deep Learning in Video Surveillance   By –  Monica Wang Drone Detection Technologies   By –  Oliver Philippou        

In the quest to secure our identity in an increasingly connected digital world, biometrics is flourishing throughout the globe. According to a TechSci Research report, India’s biometrics market is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 31% during 2016 – 2021. Government, banking & finance, energy & power, and consumer electronics are the key end user segments where deployment of biometric systems is witnessing an increase, and this trend is expected to continue over the next five years. In many banking services markets, biometrics is successfully authenticating millions of users at the ATM while improving the user experience, increasing transaction security and delivering trust in transactions. Accelerated adoption of biometric authentication at the ATM and related banking solutions (such as securing government pension payments, teller transactions and the opening of new accounts) are in large measure because biometrics is the only authentication method that ‘binds’ a user’s digital credentials to a person – a critical capability for eliminating digital identity theft in an environment that has become increasingly complex and vulnerable to security threats. Increasing security can create barriers to legitimate access, but biometrics bring security and convenience together, simplifying authentication while making it more robust and reliable. The technology has now advanced to the point that today’s fingerprint sensors can distinguish between legitimate and counterfeit biometric characteristics, a capability known as liveness detection. Another innovation allows the deployment of intelligent encryption-enabled and tamper-resistant fingerprint devices that further strengthen secure authentication and protect user privacy. Biometrics authentication will only grow in importance moving forward. We live in an environment where each of us has a growing list of digital identities for an expanding set of applications, stored on a variety of ID cards, tokens, smartphones and other mobile smart devices. Again, biometrics has the unique ability to bind this multitude of digital identities to an individual’s single, true identity. The challenge is how to verify this true identity in a manner that is private, secure and non-intrusive. Biometric authentication solves this challenge, creating a more satisfying and convenient user experience while ensuring that transactions are trusted and secure. The challenge of authentication at the ATM Worldwide, ATMs generally require that users validate their identity with something they have such as a card, and something they know such as a PIN. This has been in practice for decades, but is increasingly vulnerable to fraud; the more digital credentials and identities we store on ID cards, tokens and smart devices, the worse the problem turns into. According to the Norton Cyber Security Insights Report 2016, 49% of India’s online population, or more than 115 million Indians, are affected by cybercrime at some point with the country ranking second in terms of highest number of victims. Only biometrics can securely bind these digital identities to the actual person with whom they are associated. Plus, every new digital identity is just one more element to manage, and one more threat to someone’s one, true identity. In the last three years, public sector banks (PSBs) in India have lost a total of INR 22,743 crore, on account of various banking frauds. Banks are tackling the fraud problem with approaches like EMV cards. But only biometrics can confirm ‘who’ is actually transacting, and whether that person is a legitimate bank customer or a fraudster. To do this while protecting privacy and combating identity fraud, the biometric solution must use liveness detection to distinguish live fingerprints from fakes while ensuring that ATMs aren’t difficult to use. Biometrics binds a unique individual to his or her true identity, and determines ‘who’ is actually using the system, while eliminating the hassle and security risks of PINs and passwords. Biometrics also eliminates the need to carry or remember anything, allowing access and transactions with the touch of a finger. It is the only true means of making security more convenient while also linking or binding digital identities to the individual. Moving forward, using biometrics to authenticate mobile payments and other bank transactions will likely become a very big market driver. As Gartner predicted, by 2016, 30% of all organizations would be using biometrics on mobile devices and has long upheld the conviction that biometric solutions are the must-have for enterprise mobile authentication. With applications like Apple Pay and initiatives from the FIDO Alliance and others, biometric authentication is becoming more prominent in consumer-facing applications. Meanwhile, with new technology adoption comes new risks: as biometric applications become increasingly widespread, and are relied upon for securing personal transactions, deployed solutions are likely to be targeted for attack. Consequently, it will be increasingly important for those deploying biometric authentication to understand that not all biometric devices and solutions are created equal. For example, many ATMs are outdoor; in that case the biometric device at the ATM should be able to obtain high quality image under the conditions that are common in ATM environment such as dry, humid, ambient light, with large population and wide demographics. Considering major challenges such as high quality image acquisition, fake finger attacks, man in middle/ replay attacks, a thorough evaluation of biometric technology in target environment with target population is strongly recommended. ATM transactions must be convenient, and all identities used to conduct them must be protected. Banks must balance and even combine security and convenience as they manage risk, and biometric authentication makes this possible. It enables us to protect our one true identity in a way that is balanced, reasonable and efficient. Nothing in life is without risk but there are no longer valid technical or business reasons to rely on outdated security systems and practices. With biometrics, we can securely and conveniently use a myriad of digital credentials, knowing that our true identity is protected. We don’t have to forfeit security for convenience or vice-versa – we get both.     Sujan Parthasaradhi Director of Biometric Applications, APAC, HID Global  

The second edition of the leading trade event for fire safety and security – Fire and Security India Expo (FSIE) is to be held at Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) in Bengaluru during 22-24 February 2018. The fair will witness over 150 leading brands displaying their technological advancements, and products and solutions catering to the wide demand of the industry. With over 10,500 square metre of exhibition space, FSIE 2018 will have live product demonstrations along with conferences and workshops addressing key topics related to fire safety and security. Buyer-seller meetings, trade delegations are some of the other concurrent events to be a part of the expo. The Finest India Skills & Talent (FIST Awards) 2018 in the field of fire safety and security will recognise the achievements of the most innovative, reliable and cost-effective products, services and solutions spanning a wide range of fields across the fire safety and security industries. The three-day trade fair will be a part of the Build Fair Alliance, a consortium of co-located events that are proposed to be conducted at the same venue coinciding with FSIE, thereby ensuring maximum number of footfalls from stakeholders of building automation and construction industry. This year the event will be co-located alongside ACREX India – leading exhibition on HVAC technology, and ISH 2018 – leading exhibition showcasing plumbing systems. The alliance of the three events together is expected to attract over 50,000 business visitors during the three days. In India, awareness about fire safety and security has grown exponentially. It has intensified over the last decade as a direct result of the country’s economic evolution. As IT and retail markets rapidly expand coupled with an increase in setting up large commercial factories, the stakes in terms of assets, investments and resources are too huge to be put at  fire and security risk. Continuing to drive the demand for fire safety and security is also the government’s focus on infrastructure development, especially with initiatives like the Smart City Mission. Pankaj Dharkar, President, Fire and Security Association of India shares, “Fire & Security Association of India (FSAI) and NuernbergMesse India joined hands together to organise the Fire & Security India Expo earlier last year, and this is the second edition of the annual trade event. The event is poised to attract the largest gathering of trade professionals witnessing product demonstrations and latest innovations by the leading brands participating at FSIE 2018 from world over.” By being the wide platform forum that it is, FSIE will bring to the fire safety and security industry, a uniquely concentrated market overview of integrated solutions for  fire protection and security, especially those that intelligently combine innovation and technology. As part of exhibits, installations and discussions, the latest technology in fire safety & security will be on display during the expo, along with their uses, advantages and ways of deployment. This will empower decision-makers with first-hand information, as well as open the stakeholders’ eyes to new possibilities. Sajid Desai, CEO, NuernbergMesse India shares, “The second edition of Fire & Security India Expo (FSIE) is a multi-dimensional platform that combines solutions for passive, active and organisational fire safety and security management. Here, official experts, architects and developers, MEP consultants, OEMs, security experts, building engineers, members of leading security and fire prevention bodies as well as fire safety & security representatives from retail, hospitality, healthcare, real estate, facility management, IT-ITEs industry and other stakeholders will gather to disseminate information, gather knowledge, exchange ideas, exhibit, debate innovative perspectives, solutions and products for  fire safety and security.” Leading players including IDEX Corporation, A.D.N. Fire Safety Pvt Ltd, Advanced International, Apollo Fire Detectors Ltd, Arihant Fire Protection Services Pvt. Ltd., Bharti Fire Engineers, Coopro Safety India Pvt Ltd, DDS Limited, FFE Ltd, IDEX India Pvt Ltd, Lubi Industries LLP, Naffco India Pvt Ltd, New Age Firefighting Co Ltd, Nohmi Bosai (India) Pvt Ltd, NSC Sicherheitstechnik GmbH, Prama Hikvision (India) Pvt. Ltd., Rapidrop India Pvt Ltd, Ravel Electronics Pvt. Ltd., Safex Fire Services Ltd, Securiton AG, Shah Bhogilal Jethalal & Bros, Topaz Fire Systems Pvt Ltd, Winco Valves Pvt Ltd among many others are ensuring that the event is the standalone platform for business excellence in the fire safety & security domain.       “The Indian fire and safety equipment market is expected to reach USD 4.94 billion by 2019. With the increased growth of the economy coupled with the government rules and regulations, the future of the Indian fire safety & security market is very bright.” – Pankaj Dharkar